Notes on 2a. Basic Principles of Crop Production

Notes on 2a. Basic Principles of Crop Production

References: General Agriculture by Muniraj

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Basic Principles of Crop Production:

• Father of agronomy: Peter De-crescenzi
• Author of "Horse Hoeing Husbandry": Jethro Tull
• Father of weed science: Jethro Tull
• Jhum cultivation mostly found in Eastern part of India
• Demerit of shifting cultivation: Soil loss
• Objective of sustainable Agriculture: Ecological balance
• Maximum plant population pattern of planting: Cuboidal pattern
• Mixed farming includes crop production and live-stock
• Mono cropping: Same crop on the same land year after year
• Parallel cropping: Crops with different natural habits and zero competition
• Synergetic cropping: Yields of both crops higher than pure crops on a unit area
• Guard crops: Growing hard and thorny crops around the main crop
• Rotation cropping: Different crops in the same area in sequential seasons
• Multistoried cropping: Different height crops simultaneously on the same land
• Cropping intensity always 100% in Monocropping
• Peira cropping mostly adopted in Bihar & West Bengal
• Skip cropping: Leaving a line unsown in the regular row series
• Herbicide with longest soil residence: Linuron
• Terra farming: Developing mass according to Earth's environment
• Harvest Index formula: H.I. = [ Economic yield / Biological yield] x 100
• Cropping Intensity: CI= [ Total cropped area /Total sown area ] x 100
• Agro Climatic Regional planning in India started in 7th Five year plan (1988)
• Total agro climatic zones in India: 15 Zones
• Dry Farming: Cultivation in areas with less than 750m.m. annual rainfall
• Dry land Farming: More than 750m.m. but less than 1150 mm annual rainfall
• Rain fed Farming: Cultivation in regions with more than 1150m.m. annual rainfall

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