Notes on Package of practices of major vegetable crops (Potato, Tomato, Onion, Brinjal) in india

Notes on Package of practices of major vegetable crops (Potato, Tomato, Onion, Brinjal) in india

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Potato (Aloo):

• Potato is the most important vegetable crop in India, accounting for about 27% of the total vegetable production.
• Potato is a cool season crop and requires a temperature range of 15-20°C for optimum growth and yield.
• Potato is propagated by tubers, which are planted at a depth of 10-15 cm and a spacing of 45-60 cm between rows and 20-25 cm between plants.
• Potato requires a well-drained, sandy loam to clay loam soil with a pH of 5.5-6.5.
• Potato is susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as aphids, cutworms, potato tuber moth, late blight, early blight, black scurf, etc.
• Potato is harvested when the foliage starts to dry and the tubers attain the desired size and maturity.
• Potato is a rich source of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.

Tomato (Tamatar):

• Tomato is the second most important vegetable crop in India, accounting for about 12% of the total vegetable production1.
• Tomato is a warm season crop and requires a temperature range of 20-30°C for optimum growth and yield.
• Tomato is propagated by seeds, which are sown in nursery beds and transplanted to the main field after 4-6 weeks.
• Tomato requires a well-drained, fertile, loamy soil with a pH of 6.0-7.0.
• Tomato is susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as whitefly, thrips, fruit borer, leaf miner, bacterial wilt, mosaic virus, leaf curl, etc.
• Tomato is harvested when the fruits attain the desired colour and ripeness, depending on the market preference.
• Tomato is a rich source of lycopene, a potent antioxidant that has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.

Onion (Piaz):

• Onion is the third most important vegetable crop in India, accounting for about 11% of the total vegetable production.
• Onion is a biennial crop that is grown as an annual crop and requires a temperature range of 13-25°C for optimum growth and yield.
• Onion is propagated by seeds or bulbs, which are sown or planted at a depth of 2-3 cm and a spacing of 30-45 cm between rows and 10-15 cm between plants.
• Onion requires a well-drained, sandy loam to clay loam soil with a pH of 6.0-7.0.
• Onion is susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as onion thrips, onion maggot, onion fly, purple blotch, stemphylium blight, basal rot, etc.
• Onion is harvested when the tops fall over and the bulbs attain the desired size and dryness.
• Onion is a rich source of flavonoids, sulphur compounds, vitamin C and dietary fibre that have anti-microbial, anti-diabetic and anti-cholesterol effects.

Brinjal (Baingan):

• Brinjal is the fourth most important vegetable crop in India, accounting for about 8% of the total vegetable production.
• Brinjal is a warm season crop and requires a temperature range of 24-30°C for optimum growth and yield.
• Brinjal is propagated by seeds, which are sown in nursery beds and transplanted to the main field after 6-8 weeks.
• Brinjal requires a well-drained, fertile, loamy soil with a pH of 6.5-7.5.
• Brinjal is susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as shoot and fruit borer, aphids, jassids, leaf hopper, wilt, blight, anthracnose, etc.
• Brinjal is harvested when the fruits attain the desired size, shape and colour, depending on the variety and market preference.
• Brinjal is a rich source of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, alkaloids and saponins that have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

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