Subject-wise Important Topics for ICAR PG JRF Plant Science 2027

Genetics

• Cell Structure and Cell Organelles
• Mitosis and Meiosis
• Mendelian Genetics
• Chromosome Structure and Organization
• DNA, RNA and Genetic Material
• DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation
• Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis
• Mutation and Chromosomal Aberrations
• Cytoplasmic Inheritance
• Sex Determination Mechanisms
• Linkage and Crossing Over
• Gene Mapping
• Population Genetics
• Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
• Quantitative Genetics

Plant Breeding

• Principles and Objectives of Plant Breeding
• Modes of Reproduction in Crop Plants
• Plant Introduction and Acclimatization
• Selection Methods
• Hybridization and Heterosis
• Backcross Breeding
• Recurrent Selection
• Mutation Breeding
• Polyploidy Breeding
• Wide and Distant Hybridization
• Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS)
• Molecular Breeding
• Breeding for Disease and Pest Resistance
• Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance
• Variety Release and Notification
• PPV&FR Act
• Ideotype Breeding
• Quality Trait Improvement

Seed Science

• Seed Structure and Development
• Seed Maturation and Viability
• Seed Germination
• Seed Dormancy
• Seed Testing Techniques
• Seed Purity and Moisture Testing
• Seed Certification
• Seed Standards
• Classes of Seed
• Seed Production Technology
• Hybrid Seed Production
• Seed Processing
• Seed Drying and Storage
• Seed Deterioration and Longevity
• Seed Act and Seed Control Order
• Seed Marketing and Quality Control

Agricultural Microbiology

• Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Microorganisms
• Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses and Mycoplasma
• Sterilization and Disinfection
• Microbial Growth and Nutrition
• Biological Nitrogen Fixation
• Biofertilizers
• Microbial Interactions
• Symbiosis and Antagonism
• Nutrient Cycling
• Composting and Biogas Production
• Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
• Rhizosphere Microbiology
• Industrial Applications of Microorganisms
• Agricultural Microbial Biotechnology

Plant Pathology

• History and Scope of Plant Pathology
• Koch's Postulates
• Plant Disease Symptoms and Signs
• Fungal Diseases of Crops
• Bacterial Diseases of Crops
• Viral Diseases of Crops
• Rusts, Smuts and Mildews
• Wilts, Blights and Mosaics
• Disease Cycle and Epidemiology
• Disease Forecasting
• Host-Pathogen Interaction
• Disease Resistance Mechanisms
• Integrated Disease Management (IDM)
• Chemical Disease Control
• Biological Disease Control
• Major Diseases of Rice, Wheat, Cotton, Chickpea and Sugarcane
• Basics of Mycology, Bacteriology and Virology